Название практики | Water-charging irrigation for rangelands used for growing forage crops | Using drip irrigation systems with natural water pressure |
---|---|---|
Категория | Водные ресурсы | Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент | Техника и технология полива | Система капельного орошения |
Сфера использования практики | • Use of water resources |
|
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата | Высокая | Высокая |
Кем реализована практика | Research and Development Institute of Irrigation and Water Issues with Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Reclamation |
|
Где использована практика |
Страна: Казахстан Область: Жамбылская Район: Таласский Другой населенный пункт: Village of Sadu Shakirov |
Страна: Узбекистан Область: Наманганская Район: Папский |
Специфика местности, где использована практика | The site is located in the desert foothill plain in South-ern Kazakhstan (internal drain area) at the very end of Sharuashlyk Irrigation Canal. |
Foothill droughty area; extremely water pervious soils with pebble bed; the site is located below the Zhijdalisoj Water Reservoir |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.05.2008 Дата окончания: 30.04.2009 |
Дата начала: 01.01.2013 Дата окончания: 31.12.2014 |
Проблема, которая решается применением практики | Acute water shortage; land degradation in the village of Sadu Shakirov; abandoned irrigated arable lands used only for year-round cattle grazing. For a long time, the irrigation canal was not operation-al and, thus, became dilapidated. The situation in the area was aggravated by climate change impacts (de-creased quantity of early spring, summer and winter precipitation, increased average annual temperature, spring and autumn frost bites and summer droughts). |
Irrational use of irrigation water and fertilizers; deficit of electric power; low soil bonitet; poor crops productivity; poor quality of agricultural products; soil erosion |
Примененные в практике инструменты | Method of autumn and winter water-charging irrigation |
Free-flow drip irrigation system (DIS) |
Описание практики и ее результаты | Actions: Results: Financial and economic: Technical: |
Actions: Free-flow DIS was installed at the Zhijdalisoj Water Reservoir and was connected to the already operating gravity irrigation piping network. Due to the elevation difference between the pipe inlet and outlet (at the point of entry to the irrigated site) the system generates natural water pressure allowing free-flow DISs installed in gardens to operate without any pumping equipment, i.e. electricity. Results: Technical: thanks to free-flow DIS, water and fertilizers are distributed evenly, strictly according to corresponding norms, in due time and economically (water saving - up to 50%). Financial and economic: increased (by 30-40%) crop yields and improved yield quality. 350,000 sum/ha ($150/ha) saved due to electricity saving and no need to repair pumping equipment. |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики | Lessons learnt: Application of water-charging irrigation demonstrated the efficiency of water use and allowed local popula-tion to go through winter without losing livestock. Recommendations: |
Lessons learnt: Application of natural (gravity-based) water pressure allows making DISs more affordable for farms located on slope acreage of mountain foothills. Recommendations: It is necessary to carry out research to identify locations where free-flow DISs could work thanks to natural water pressure. |
Источник практики | Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие 2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: 3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие 4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные 2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $2-2.5,000 3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Умеренные 4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения |
Краткая информация о проекте | Project title: Fall and early spring Irrigation of arable land and pastures as an adaptation mechanism of ra-tional water use in Southern Kazakhstan Duration: May 1, 2008 – April 30, 2009 Project goal and objectives: reduce land degradation due to climate change by way of rational use of irriga-tion water. The project was implemented to prevent loss of cattle due to forage shortage during alternating droughty years. Project beneficiaries: local population. Project implementer: Kogal LLC |
Project title: Innovative science and technological work “Introduction of DISs using natural water pressure in areas adjacent to foothill water reservoirs”. Project duration: 2013-2014. Project goal and objectives: create DISs operating without pumping equipment. Project beneficiaries: employees of Zhijdalisoj Water Reservoir of the Naryn-Syr Darya BISA (Basin Irrigation System Administration). Project implementer: State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Uzbekistan (SCST of the RUz). |
Источник финансирования практики | Kogal LLC | Asian Development Bank (ADB) on the shared basis with the SCST of the RUz |
Источники информации о практике | 1) UNDP Compilation “Climate change adaptation: ex-amples from Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan”, Tashkent 2012; |
|
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму | SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы | 29.03.2018 | 30.04.2018 |