Название практики |
Irrigation of pastures and hayfield meadows using Simulta-neous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S) |
Land reclamation via vertical drainage wells |
Категория |
Водные ресурсы |
Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент |
Система дождевания |
Коллекторно-дренажная система |
Сфера использования практики |
Use of water resources |
• Use of water resources • Use of land resources |
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата |
Умеренная |
Умеренная |
Кем реализована практика |
Kazakh Water Management Research Institute (KazNIIWKh)
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Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Где использована практика |
Страна: Казахстан
Область: Жамбылская
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Страна: Казахстан
Область: Южно-Казахстанская
Район: Мактааральский
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Специфика местности, где использована практика |
The site is located in the foothills with significant difference in elevation |
• Upstream (Ferghana) and midstream (Syr Darya) of the Syr Darya River • Ebb occurrence of highly mineralized ground water |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.01.2006
Дата окончания: 31.12.2007
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Дата начала: 01.01.1965
Дата окончания: 31.12.1975
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Проблема, которая решается применением практики |
Water erosion, discharge, uneven distribution of irrigation water, poor yields |
Deterioration of reclamation situation: rising of ground water, land salination |
Примененные в практике инструменты |
Technique and technology for irrigation based on Simultaneous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S) |
Technique and technology of land reclamation via a system of vertical drainage wells (VDW) |
Описание практики и ее результаты |
Actions:
Deployment of the Simultaneous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S) allowing extremely uniform and simultaneous dispersion of irrigation water across all sections of arable pasture or hayfield meadow. Water expenditure at the impulse device makes 0.05-0.3 l/sec and 0.25-2.0 l/sec in the irrigation pipeline, thus, reducing (3-4 times) the costs associated with the pipeline network installation compared to other sprinkling systems (kits). The pipeline network is built of 15-25 mm diameter pipes easy to transport and assemble in mountainous conditions.
Technical characteristics:
Operation modes: automatic and manual
Irrigated area: 10 ha
Water consumption: up to 100 m3/day
Average sprinkling (rain) intensity: 0.002-0.008 mm/min
EFFICIENCY: 99%
MOC: 98%
Watering automation level: 100%
Results:
- Ensured water supply according to crops requirements with the account of changing weather conditions and moisture deposits in active soil layer;
- Elimination of : 1) water-induced soil erosion, 2) puddling and 3) discharge run-off;
- No need for water recirculation among irrigation sections.
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Actions:
A VDW system set up. Prior to its installation, the area was drained via a horizontal open-type drain-age network ineffective as to reducing the mass of salinized land.
Comprehensive VDW efforts significantly enhanced drainage.
However, currently due to the absence of a single organization responsible for VDW operation, maintenance and repair, the VDW systems recon-structed under World Bank and Asian Development Bank projects do not perform as effectively as ini-tially.
Results:
Financial and economic: Increased cotton yields (from 10-15 up to 30-35 dt/ha).
Technical: Successful response to land salination in 3 districts: ground water table steadily kept at 2-3 m depth leading to a sharp contraction of salinized land area. |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики |
Lessons learnt:
The advantages of impulse sprinkling irrigation were confirmed by the research efforts on other test sites of KAZNIIVKh in Jambyl Region that allowed increasing biological productivity of Golden Delicious apple variety by 10.1-36.8%, and commercial productivity – by 16.6-49.4% compared to conventional sprinkling irrigation systems.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to continue application of similar practices in foothill areas in Central Asia subject to power supply shortages. |
Lessons learnt:
In due time, the model proved useful and timely, as the country urgently needed to increase its cotton yields. The practice demonstrated high efficiency of VDW in combatting land salination.
Recommendations:
1. Establish a special VDW System Maintenance and Operation Department; 2. Build personnel capacity: • Continual training of personnel in the Department and Provincial Hydrogeological and Land Reclamation Expedition; • Drafting and distribution of training materi-als. |
Источник практики |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
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1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
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Краткая информация о проекте |
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Источник финансирования практики |
Ministry of Agriculture of the RK |
Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the USSR |
Источники информации о практике |
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Reshetkina N.M. et al. “Vertical Drainage”, Moscow: Kolos, 1978. – 319 p. |
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы |
30.03.2018 |
26.03.2018 |