Интерактивная карта лучших практик

по использованию водных, земельных и энергетических ресурсов,
а также окружающей среды Центральной Азии

Сравнение практик

Название практики Irrigation of pastures and hayfield meadows using Simulta-neous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S) Water-charging irrigation for rangelands used for growing forage crops
Категория Водные ресурсы Водные ресурсы
Инструмент Система дождевания Техника и технология полива
Сфера использования практики

Use of water resources

• Use of water resources
• Use of land resources

Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата Умеренная Высокая
Кем реализована практика Kazakh Water Management Research Institute (KazNIIWKh)

Где использована практика

Страна: Казахстан

Область: Жамбылская

Страна: Казахстан

Область: Жамбылская

Район: Таласский

Другой населенный пункт: Village of Sadu Shakirov

Специфика местности, где использована практика

The site is located in the foothills with significant difference in elevation

The site is located in the desert foothill plain in South-ern Kazakhstan (internal drain area) at the very end of Sharuashlyk Irrigation Canal.

Когда использована практика

Дата начала: 01.01.2006

Дата окончания: 31.12.2007

Дата начала: 01.05.2008

Дата окончания: 30.04.2009

Проблема, которая решается применением практики

Water erosion, discharge, uneven distribution of irrigation water, poor yields

Acute water shortage; land degradation in the village of Sadu Shakirov; abandoned irrigated arable lands used only for year-round cattle grazing.

For a long time, the irrigation canal was not operation-al and, thus, became dilapidated. The situation in the area was aggravated by climate change impacts (de-creased quantity of early spring, summer and winter precipitation, increased average annual temperature, spring and autumn frost bites and summer droughts).

Примененные в практике инструменты

Technique and technology for irrigation based on Simultaneous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S)

Method of autumn and winter water-charging irrigation

Описание практики и ее результаты

Actions:

Deployment of the Simultaneous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S) allowing extremely uniform and simultaneous dispersion of irrigation water across all sections of arable pasture or hayfield meadow.  Water expenditure at the impulse device makes 0.05-0.3 l/sec and 0.25-2.0 l/sec in the irrigation pipeline, thus, reducing (3-4 times) the costs associated with the pipeline network installation compared to other sprinkling systems (kits). The pipeline network is built of 15-25 mm diameter pipes easy to transport and assemble in mountainous conditions.

Technical characteristics:

Operation modes: automatic and manual

Irrigated area: 10 ha

Water consumption: up to 100 m3/day

Average sprinkling (rain) intensity: 0.002-0.008 mm/min

EFFICIENCY: 99%

MOC: 98%

Watering automation level: 100%

 

Results:

  • Ensured water supply according to crops requirements with the account of changing weather conditions and moisture deposits in active soil layer;
  • Elimination of : 1) water-induced soil erosion, 2) puddling and 3) discharge run-off;
  • No need for water recirculation among irrigation sections.

Actions:
1) Reconstruction of the canal, stop-gates and field irrigation networks (rehabilitation of irrigation furrows),
2) Setting up artificial pastures with forage crops

Results:

Financial and economic:
Using water-charging irrigation for rangelands allowed increasing their productivity from 3.5 to 5 dt/ha and receiving 60 tons of herbage for cattle and sheep and goats from non-cultivated land.

Technical:
1) 12 km of the canal and 5 stop-gates to regulate water releases restored,
2) 5 km of irrigation furrows built,
3) Cultivated pastures with forage crops created (soil preparation, alfaalfa planting, coordination of irrigation norms),
4) Fields are prepared during the summer-fall period, and watered during late fall or early spring.

Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики

Lessons learnt:

The advantages of impulse sprinkling irrigation were confirmed by the research efforts on other test sites of KAZNIIVKh in Jambyl Region that allowed increasing biological productivity of Golden Delicious apple variety by 10.1-36.8%, and commercial productivity – by 16.6-49.4% compared to conventional sprinkling irrigation systems.

Recommendations:

It is necessary to continue application of similar practices in foothill areas in Central Asia subject to power supply shortages.

Lessons learnt:
Application of water-charging irrigation allowed in-creasing water availability and, as the result, productivity of agricultural crops.

Application of water-charging irrigation demonstrated the efficiency of water use and allowed local popula-tion to go through winter without losing livestock.

Recommendations:
The method can be used in areas/communities where along with crop growing the population is also involved in livestock breeding.

Источник практики

Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations)

Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions

Готовность практики к внедрению

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

Краткая информация о проекте

Project title: Fall and early spring Irrigation of arable land and pastures as an adaptation mechanism of ra-tional water use in Southern Kazakhstan

Duration: May 1, 2008 – April 30, 2009

Project goal and objectives: reduce land degradation due to climate change by way of rational use of irriga-tion water. The project was implemented to prevent loss of cattle due to forage shortage during alternating droughty years.

Project beneficiaries: local population.

Project implementer: Kogal LLC

Источник финансирования практики Ministry of Agriculture of the RK Kogal LLC
Источники информации о практике

1) UNDP Compilation “Climate change adaptation: ex-amples from Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan”, Tashkent 2012;
2) pandia.org

Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму

SIC ICWC

SIC ICWC

Дата заполнения формы 30.03.2018 29.03.2018

Партнеры