Интерактивная карта лучших практик

по использованию водных, земельных и энергетических ресурсов,
а также окружающей среды Центральной Азии

Сравнение практик

Название практики Arrangement of springs to improve stock watering Land reclamation via vertical drainage wells
Категория Водные ресурсы Водные ресурсы
Инструмент Принцип общественного участия Коллекторно-дренажная система
Сфера использования практики

Use of water resources

• Use of water resources
• Use of land resources

Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата Умеренная Умеренная
Кем реализована практика CAMP-Alatoo Public Foundation (PF)
Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Где использована практика

Страна: Кыргызстан

Область: Чуйская

Район: Сокулукский

Страна: Казахстан

Область: Южно-Казахстанская

Район: Мактааральский

Специфика местности, где использована практика

The site is located in a semi-drought zone subject to acute shortage of water resources in summer period and land degradation

• Upstream (Ferghana) and midstream (Syr Darya) of the Syr Darya River
• Ebb occurrence of highly mineralized ground water

Когда использована практика

Дата начала: 01.01.2011

Дата окончания: 31.12.2011

Дата начала: 01.01.1965

Дата окончания: 31.12.1975

Проблема, которая решается применением практики

Extremely low water availability (supply) of pastures; the quantity of cattle in watering sites below standard; land erosion

Deterioration of reclamation situation: rising of ground water, land salination

Примененные в практике инструменты

Technology of springs arrangement for stock watering

Technique and technology of land reclamation via a system of vertical drainage wells (VDW)

Описание практики и ее результаты

Actions:

At first, the exact location of water outcrop was identified and cleaned from mud.  15 meters below the outcrop, 3 interconnected water tubs were installed (each 1.8 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.5 deep).  Each subsequent tub is located lower than the preceding one, thus, allowing water flowing down in the cascade manner.

Results:

Financial and economic:

Cattle gaining weight quicker.

Technical:

Improved water supply in the area, including for cattle watering.

Actions:

A VDW system set up. Prior to its installation, the area was drained via a horizontal open-type drain-age network ineffective as to reducing the mass of salinized land.

Comprehensive VDW efforts significantly enhanced drainage.


However, currently due to the absence of a single organization responsible for VDW operation, maintenance and repair, the VDW systems recon-structed under World Bank and Asian Development Bank projects do not perform as effectively as ini-tially.

Results:

Financial and economic:
Increased cotton yields (from 10-15 up to 30-35 dt/ha).

Technical:
Successful response to land salination in 3 districts: ground water table steadily kept at 2-3 m depth leading to a sharp contraction of salinized land area.

Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики

Lessons learnt:

Collection of water in one place had been practiced since ancient times, but was forgotten over time.  Rehabilitation of traditional practices should be welcomed.

Recommendations:

Similar practices should be scaled-up and continued as they not only benefit the local population, but also allow enhancing water availability for wild animals and expanding hayfield meadows.

Lessons learnt:

In due time, the model proved useful and timely, as the country urgently needed to increase its cotton yields. The practice demonstrated high efficiency of VDW in combatting land salination.

Recommendations:

1. Establish a special VDW System Maintenance and Operation Department;
2. Build personnel capacity:
• Continual training of personnel in the Department and Provincial Hydrogeological and Land Reclamation Expedition;
• Drafting and distribution of training materi-als.

Источник практики

Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation which demonstrate their relevance in modern conditions

Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations)

Готовность практики к внедрению

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

Краткая информация о проекте
Источник финансирования практики PF “CAMP-Alatoo”, local population Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the USSR
Источники информации о практике

WOCAT.net, Mr. Abdybek Asanaliyev (e-mail: asanaly61@mail.ru), Kyrgyz National Agriculture University, Bishkek

Reshetkina N.M. et al. “Vertical Drainage”, Moscow: Kolos, 1978. – 319 p.

Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму

SIC ICWC

SIC ICWC

Дата заполнения формы 30.03.2018 26.03.2018

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