Сравнение практик

Use of water resources

Use of water resources

Страна: Кыргызстан

Область: Чуйская

Район: Сокулукский

Страна: Таджикистан

Область: Согдийская

Район: Бободжон-Гафуровский

The site is located in a semi-drought zone subject to acute shortage of water resources in summer period and land degradation

Khoja-Bakirgan River Basin; Khoja-Bakirgan Main Canal (KBMC), allotted area – 8.12 thousand ha, number of water users – 19, including 11 WUAs.

Дата начала: 01.01.2011

Дата окончания: 31.12.2011

Дата начала: 01.01.2007

Дата окончания: 31.12.2017

Extremely low water availability (supply) of pastures; the quantity of cattle in watering sites below standard; land erosion

Low level of coordination among WUAs – as a rule, each WUA liaises independently with its water management organization (WMO).

Technology of springs arrangement for stock watering

Methods of integration and social mobilization

Actions:

At first, the exact location of water outcrop was identified and cleaned from mud.  15 meters below the outcrop, 3 interconnected water tubs were installed (each 1.8 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.5 deep).  Each subsequent tub is located lower than the preceding one, thus, allowing water flowing down in the cascade manner.

Results:

Financial and economic:

Cattle gaining weight quicker.

Technical:

Improved water supply in the area, including for cattle watering.

The KBMC-WUU is an association of legal entities in the form of Union – a voluntary independent non-profit public organization uniting legal entities (i.e. WUAs) based on common interests with the aim of coordinating actions and protecting shared interests and rights.  KBMC-WUU operates as per the Charter approved at the general meeting of water user representatives, has its own stamp and bank account.

Actions:

The creation of KBMC-WUU began with the establishment of the Initiative Group (IG).  The IG consisted of active water specialists, representatives of water users and other stakeholders who saw the need to transit to IWRM.  Further on, the IG carried out social mobilization, drafted necessary documents (the Union’s Charter, etc.), organized the general meeting of water users that approved the Charter and established the Union’s Council (Board).  After that, KBMC-WUU underwent legal registration and officially launched its work.

Results:

• KBMC-WUU established and legally registered;
• KBMC-WUU contributed to the following:

- enhanced stability and uniformity of water supply to WUAs via state WMO;
- better collection of water supply service fees paid by WUAs to state WMO.

• Representing the interests of water users as a member of the RMC Water Committee, KBMC-WUU also contributed to decreasing conflicts between WUAs and WMO.

Lessons learnt:

Collection of water in one place had been practiced since ancient times, but was forgotten over time.  Rehabilitation of traditional practices should be welcomed.

Recommendations:

Similar practices should be scaled-up and continued as they not only benefit the local population, but also allow enhancing water availability for wild animals and expanding hayfield meadows.

Lessons learnt:

KBMC-WUU performance depends on internal and external factors: capacities (financial, institutional, etc.) of its members (i.e. WUAs) and the level of democracy and market development in the country.  In turn, the growth of capacities of KBMC-WUU members depends on KBMC-WUU performance.

Recommendation:

Currently, WUAs capacities are rather poor which is reflected in KBMC-WUU own underperformance.  Considering that WUA represent the weakest link in water hierarchy and the role of water users in addressing national food, water and environmental security needs, the government should find opportunities to support (first of all, financially) WUAs/ KBMC-WUU during transition period (until they become self-sufficient).

Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation which demonstrate their relevance in modern conditions

Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience)

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

Project title: Integrated Water Resources Management in the Fergana Valley (IWRM-Fergana).

Project duration: Jan 01, 2001-Dec 31, 2012 (12 years).

Project goal and objectives: overall project goal was “to contribute to safer living, environmental sustainability and wide social harmony, to support rural restructuring in Central Asian countries by enhancing water resources management based on the example of the Ferghana Valley”.

Project beneficiaries: WUAs, farmers in project sites.

Project implementer: IWMI, SIC of the ICWC, Project Steering Committee (PSC) consisting of 3 representatives of the Ministries of Rural and Water Management (MRWM) of project target countries, 3 heads of Regional Water Administrations hosting project target sites.

WOCAT.net, Mr. Abdybek Asanaliyev (e-mail: asanaly61@mail.ru), Kyrgyz National Agriculture University, Bishkek

N.N. Mirzayev, Guidelines on IWRM Streamlining, Volume 1 (Institutional Aspects), Tashkent, 2011.

SIC ICWC

SIC ICWC