Сравнение практик

Use of water resources

• Use of water resources
• Use of land resources
• Environmental protection

Страна: Кыргызстан

Область: Чуйская

Район: Сокулукский

Страна: Туркменистан

Область: Ахалская

The site is located in a semi-drought zone subject to acute shortage of water resources in summer period and land degradation

The settlements are located in the river catchment area; deep ground water occurrence; mountain valleys are under high risk of mudflows and floods.

Дата начала: 01.01.2011

Дата окончания: 31.12.2011

Дата начала: 01.01.2012

Дата окончания: 31.12.2013

Extremely low water availability (supply) of pastures; the quantity of cattle in watering sites below standard; land erosion

Water deficit; settlements and agricultural land under flood and mudflow threat during mudflow risk periods

Technology of springs arrangement for stock watering

Cascading storage pools (reservoirs) accumulating rain and runoff water

Actions:

At first, the exact location of water outcrop was identified and cleaned from mud.  15 meters below the outcrop, 3 interconnected water tubs were installed (each 1.8 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.5 deep).  Each subsequent tub is located lower than the preceding one, thus, allowing water flowing down in the cascade manner.

Results:

Financial and economic:

Cattle gaining weight quicker.

Technical:

Improved water supply in the area, including for cattle watering.

Actions:

• assessment of mudflow and flood risks and surveying local population regarding reservoirs’ locations and water uses (drinking and irrigation water supply);
• designing reservoirs;
• construction of reservoirs with the engagement of local residents;
• training of local residents on servicing reservoirs and corresponding equipment.

Results:

• reduced risks for public life and health;
• enhanced water supply of irrigated land;
• reduced risk of agricultural losses due to drought;
• reduced risk of biodiversity damage caused by mudflows and floods;
• enhanced public access to drinking water.

Lessons learnt:

Collection of water in one place had been practiced since ancient times, but was forgotten over time.  Rehabilitation of traditional practices should be welcomed.

Recommendations:

Similar practices should be scaled-up and continued as they not only benefit the local population, but also allow enhancing water availability for wild animals and expanding hayfield meadows.

• Cascading reservoirs provide better cumulative effect at lower cost compared to separate reservoirs;
• Application of modern water-proofing materials during the construction of storage pools (reservoirs) allows to reliably store winter and spring runoff to be used during vegetation period.

Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation which demonstrate their relevance in modern conditions

Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations)

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $50-500

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Низкие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения

Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.

Project duration: 2012-2016.

Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.

Project beneficiaries: population of Garavul Settlement (about 6,000 people) and Konegumbez Settlement (about 1,000 people).

Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan and UNDP

WOCAT.net, Mr. Abdybek Asanaliyev (e-mail: asanaly61@mail.ru), Kyrgyz National Agriculture University, Bishkek

Government of Turkmenistan

SIC ICWC

SIC ICWC