Название практики |
Introduction of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) principles on the Aspara small transboundary river |
Accumulation of rain and runoff water via a series of cascading storage pools (small reservoirs) |
Категория |
Водные ресурсы |
Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент |
Принцип общественного участия |
Система повышения водообеспеченности |
Сфера использования практики |
Use of water resources |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Environmental protection
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Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата |
Высокая |
Высокая |
Кем реализована практика |
USAID/CAREC
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Ministry of Water Management of Turkmenistan (4 res-ervoirs) and “Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels” Project (7 reservoirs)
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Где использована практика |
Страна: Кыргызстан
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Страна: Туркменистан
Область: Ахалская
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Специфика местности, где использована практика |
Transboundary river |
The settlements are located in the river catchment area; deep ground water occurrence; mountain valleys are under high risk of mudflows and floods. |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.04.2012
Дата окончания: 31.10.2016
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Дата начала: 01.01.2012
Дата окончания: 31.12.2013
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Проблема, которая решается применением практики |
Imperfections of the water management mechanism in the Isfara small transboundary river basin |
Water deficit; settlements and agricultural land under flood and mudflow threat during mudflow risk periods |
Примененные в практике инструменты |
The principle of stakeholder engagement in decision-making associated with water management of small transboundary river; IWRM planning technique |
Cascading storage pools (reservoirs) accumulating rain and runoff water |
Описание практики и ее результаты |
The Aspara River originates in the Western Tien Shan on the territory of Kyrgyzstan and flows northwards crossing the border with Kazakhstan. The river’s total length exceeds 44 km, and its catchment area amounts to approximately 66 km2. The Aspara River Basin is located in Chu Region in Kyrgyzstan’s northwest and Jambyl Region in Southern Kazakhstan. The basin is shared by several different ethnicities where they live and work. The basin’s population is rapidly growing, and the agriculture is developing. In many places along the course of the river, especially in its lower streams, the water doesn't meet quality and sanitary standards. Liquid waste produced by the population, industry and livestock production as well as solid waste constitute major sources of environmental pollution.
Project efforts were carried out in Jambyl Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Chu Region of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Actions:
Establishment of 2 stakeholder groups, i.e. Small Basin Councils (SBC) – on both Kazakhstan’s and Kyrgyzstan’s sides of the river – representing local authorities, NGOs, water users and local communities. The SBCs already held 6 joint meetings proving the value of SBCs as platforms to exchange opinions and information as well as take joint decisions on enhancing the overall situation in the basin.
In addition, hydrometric posts were reconstructed and underwent certification, and the automated water distribution and accounting system was installed on the Mailybai Canal. The water supply system in the village of Cholok-Aryk also underwent reconstructed. A demo-site to demonstrate drip irrigation equipment and technology was established on the premises of Ravshan Farm receiving its irrigation water via the Mailybai Canal.
Results:
Thus, the creation of national Small Basin Councils (SBC) on the Aspara River ensured a platform for exchanging opinions and information as well as joint decision-making to improve the overall situation in the Aspara River Basin, including the development of the IWRM basin-specific plan. |
Actions:
- assessment of mudflow and flood risks and surveying local population regarding reservoirs’ locations and water uses (drinking and irrigation water supply);
- designing reservoirs;
- construction of reservoirs with the engagement of local residents;
- training of local residents on servicing reservoirs and corresponding equipment.
Results:
- reduced risks for public life and health;
- enhanced water supply of irrigated land;
- reduced risk of agricultural losses due to drought;
- reduced risk of biodiversity damage caused by mudflows and floods;
- enhanced public access to drinking water.
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Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики |
Lessons learnt:
Introduction of IWRM principles is the pre-requisite of stable and fair water supply irrespective of a given water user’s location.
Recommendations:
Currently, when local stakeholders are represented in SBCs and are engaged in joint water management, it is necessary to continue the capacity-building efforts to build-up SBCs’ efficiency. In the long term, it might be necessary and possible to establish a joint body to manage the whole Aspara River Basin shared by Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. |
- Cascading reservoirs provide better cumulative effect at lower cost compared to separate reservoirs;
- Application of modern water-proofing materials during the construction of storage pools (reservoirs) allows to reliably store winter and spring runoff to be used during vegetation period.
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Источник практики |
Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience) |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
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1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $50-500
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Низкие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения
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Краткая информация о проекте |
Development and implementation of basin plans constitute principal elements of integrated water resources management. Multi-agency coordination mechanism via basin councils or coordination groups is an important advantage of IWRM. This approach allows streamlined coordination and synergy of actions on all levels of management hierarchy.
Project title: Stakeholder partnership in joint policy-making: assistance to transboundary cooperation in small watersheds of Central Asia.
Project duration: Apr 2012-Oct 2016
Project goal and objectives: introduction of the integrated water resources management (IWRM) practice in three transboundary watersheds and its scaling-up in Central Asia.
Project beneficiaries: communities of the Aspara small transboundary river basin, specialists of water and environmental agencies, farmers.
Project implementer: USAID/CAREC. |
Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.
Project duration: 2012-2016.
Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.
Project beneficiaries: population of Garavul Settlement (about 6,000 people) and Konegumbez Settlement (about 1,000 people).
Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan and UNDP |
Источник финансирования практики |
USAID |
Adaptation Facility |
Источники информации о практике |
carecnet.org |
Government of Turkmenistan |
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы |
02.04.2018 |
03.04.2018 |