Интерактивная карта лучших практик

по использованию водных, земельных и энергетических ресурсов,
а также окружающей среды Центральной Азии

Сравнение практик

Название практики Establishment of the Right-Bank Main Canal Water User Union (RMC-WUU) Improving water distribution in water user association/s (WUA)
Категория Водные ресурсы Водные ресурсы
Инструмент Принцип общественного участия Технология водораспределения
Сфера использования практики

Use of water resources

Use of water resources

Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата Умеренная Умеренная
Кем реализована практика Scientific and Information Center (SIC) of Interstate Commission for Water Coordination (ICWC) and Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
IWMI Tashkent Office jointly with Counterpart representatives
Где использована практика

Страна: Кыргызстан

Область: Ошская

Район: Кара-Сууский

Страна: Казахстан

Область: Южно-Казахстанская

Район: Мактааральский

Специфика местности, где использована практика

Akbura River Basin

Rural Water Consumer Cooperatives (RWCC) are located in the tail part of Dostyk and Turkestan Main Canals (TMC)

Когда использована практика

Дата начала: 01.01.2007

Дата окончания: 31.12.2017

Дата начала: 01.01.2006

Дата окончания: 31.12.2006

Проблема, которая решается применением практики

Low level of coordination among WUAs – as a rule, each WUA liaises independently with its water management organization (WMO).

Conflicts between water users associated with water distribution;

Loss of water from canals (due to filtration and discharge)

Примененные в практике инструменты

Methods of integration and social mobilization

  • Survey among stakeholders,
  • Microsoft Excel computer-based planning of water use,
  • Seminars to train water users on computer-based technologies and water accounting
Описание практики и ее результаты

The RMC-WUU is an association of legal entities in the form of Union – a voluntary independent non-profit public organization uniting legal entities (i.e. WUAs) based on common interests with the aim of coordinating actions and protecting shared interests and rights.  RMC-WUU operates in accordance with the Charter approved at the general meeting of water user representatives, has its own stamp and bank account.

Actions:

The creation of RMC-WUU began with the establishment of the Initiative Group (IG).  The IG consisted of active water specialists, representatives of water users and other stakeholders who saw the need to transit to IWRM.  Further on, the IG carried out social mobilization, drafted necessary documents (the Union’s Charter, etc.), organized the general meeting of water users that approved the Charter and established the Union’s Council (Board).  After that, RMC-WUU underwent legal registration and officially launched its work.

Results:

  • RMC-WUU established, legally registered and has been operating until present time;
  • RMC-WUU contributed to the following:
    - enhanced stability and uniformity of water supply to WUAs via state WMO;
    - better collection of irrigation service fees paid by WUAs to state WMO.
  • Representing the interests of water users as a member of the RMC Water Committee, RMC-WUU also contributed to decreasing conflicts between WUAs and WMO.

Actions:

Based on the location of RWCCs and with the account of recommendations by akimats (local governance bodies), 8 RWCCs were selected to conduct a survey based on specially prepared questionnaires. Survey results showed that the main issues in target rural areas were water distribution among consumers and drawing up water use plans (WUP) for RWCCs. The proceeding trainings seminars focused on exactly these themes. At the end of the year, the monitoring of the introduction of new water distribution methods was conducted.

Results:

Application of this water distribution practice allowed to sharply reduce the quantity of conflict situations as well as nearly eliminate water losses due to filtration at the canals’ headworks and discharge.

Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики

Lessons learnt:

The effectiveness of RMC-WUU depends on internal and external conditions: capacities (financial, institutional, etc.) of its members (i.e. WUAs) and the level of democracy and market development in a given country.  In turn, the growth of capacities of RMC-WUU members depends on RMC-WUU performance.

Recommendation:

Currently, WUAs capacities are rather poor which is reflected in RMC-WUA own underperformance.  Considering that WUA represent the weakest link in water hierarchy and the role of water users in addressing national food, water and environmental security needs, the government should find opportunities to support (first of all, financially) WUAs/RMC-WUU during transition period (until they become self-sufficient).

Lessons learnt:

Hourly water distribution allows more flexibility in the context of water deficit. After the trainings for water users and WUAs personnel on hourly water distribution, the number of corresponding conflicts decreased.

Recommendations:

Considering the high turnover of RWCC staff, the trainings should be repeated on annual basis. Hourly water distribution schemes should be used in locations/periods of acute water shortage.

Источник практики

Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience)

  • Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations)
  • Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience)
Готовность практики к внедрению

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

Краткая информация о проекте

Project title: Integrated Water Resources Management in the Fergana Valley (IWRM-Fergana).

Project duration: Jan 01, 2001-Dec 31, 2012 (12 years).

Project goal and objectives: overall project goal was “to contribute to safer living, environmental sustainability and wide social harmony, to support rural restructuring in Central Asian countries by enhancing water resources management based on the example of the Ferghana Valley”.

Project beneficiaries: WUAs, farmers in project sites.

Project implementer: IWMI, SIC of the ICWC, Project Steering Committee (PSC) consisting of 3 representatives of the Ministries of Rural and Water Management (MRWM) of project target countries, 3 heads of Regional Water Administrations hosting project target sites.

Counterpart holds seminars, training courses and programs on effective use of water resources in Kazakhstan with the aim of assisting farmers and other land users in building up their corresponding skills as well as teaching them basic water use principles.  In the course of its collaboration with Counterpart, IWMI analyzed and studied the reclamation condition of irrigated land plots and the technical state of irrigation and drainage networks in Makhtaaral and Turkestan Districts of Southern Kazakhstan Region.

Project title: Support Program for water associations in Southern Kazakhstan

Project duration: 1 year

Project goal and objectives: train water users on new water distribution techniques, computer technologies for drawing WUPs, most simple methods of water accounting.

Project beneficiaries: water consumers

Project implementer: local akimats

Project donor: USAID

Источник финансирования практики Grant from the Swiss Government via SDC Support Program for water associations in Southern Kazakhstan
Источники информации о практике

Guidelines on IWRM streamlining, Volume 1 (Institutional Aspects), Tashkent 2011.

IWMI Report “Training on water management on RWCC level and drawing up the water use plan for Makhtaaral and Turkestan Districts of Southern Kazakhstan Region”, Tashkent 2006

Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму

SIC ICWC

SIC ICWC

Дата заполнения формы 02.04.2018 30.03.2018

Партнеры