Интерактивная карта лучших практик

по использованию водных, земельных и энергетических ресурсов,
а также окружающей среды Центральной Азии

Сравнение практик

Название практики Establishment of the Aravan-Akbura Main Canal Water User Union (AAMC-WUU) Drip irrigation of corn in the Gissar Valley
Категория Водные ресурсы Водные ресурсы
Инструмент Принцип общественного участия Система капельного орошения
Сфера использования практики

Use of water resources

  • Use of water resources
  • Use of land resources
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата Умеренная Высокая
Кем реализована практика Scientific and Information Center (SIC) of Interstate Commission for Water Coordination (ICWC) and Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
NPO “TajikNIIGiM” (“Research and Development Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Reclamation of Tajikistan” Research and Manufacturing Association)
Где использована практика

Страна: Кыргызстан

Область: Ошская

Район: Кара-Сууский

Страна: Таджикистан

Область: Районы республиканского подчинения

Район: Рудакинский

Другой населенный пункт: Radzhabov Farm

Специфика местности, где использована практика

Akbura River Basin

  • Located in the irrigated agriculture zone;
  • Ground water occurrence below 5 meters;
  • Typical gray soil, surface slope – 0.04.
Когда использована практика

Дата начала: 01.01.2007

Дата окончания: 31.12.2017

Дата начала: 01.01.2000

Дата окончания: 31.12.2003

Проблема, которая решается применением практики

Low level of coordination among WUAs – as a rule, each WUA liaises independently with its water management organization (WMO).

Shortage of irrigation water;
Poor yields;
Low irrigation efficiency;
Eroded soil;
Low income of farmers.

Примененные в практике инструменты

Methods of integration and social mobilization

Corn drip irrigation system

Описание практики и ее результаты

The AAMC-WUU is an association of legal entities in the form of Union – a voluntary independent non-profit public organization uniting legal entities (i.e. WUAs) based on common interests with the aim of coordinating actions and protecting shared interests and rights.  AAMC-WUU operates as per the Charter approved at the general meeting of water user representatives, has its own stamp and bank account.

Actions:

The creation of AAMC-WUU began with the establishment of the Initiative Group (IG).  The IG consisted of active water specialists, representatives of water users and other stakeholders who saw the need to transit to IWRM.  Further on, the IG carried out social mobilization, drafted necessary documents (the Union’s Charter, etc.), organized the general meeting of water users that approved the Charter and established the Union’s Council (Board).  After that, AAMC-WUU underwent legal registration and officially launched its work.

Results:

  • AAMC-WUU established, legally registered and has been operating until present time;
  • AAMC-WUU contributed to the following:
    - enhanced stability and uniformity of water supply to WUAs via state WMO;
    - better collection of water supply service fees paid by WUAs to state WMO.
  • Representing the interests of water users as a member of the RMC Water Committee, AAMC-WUU also contributed to decreasing conflicts between WUAs and WMO.

Actions:

  • Project design and budgeting, procurement of drip irrigation system;
  • Installation of drip irrigation system, corn planting and cultivation, crop care;
  • Accounting of water and resources.

Results:

Financial and economic:

increased labor productivity and farmer incomes, reduced production costs.

Ecological:

production of ecologically clean goods; prevention of water losses and soil erosion as well as improving soil ecological and reclamation condition.

Technical:

twofold (52%) increase of corn yields compared to furrow irrigation, 51% saving of irrigation water.

Social:

increased wellbeing of local residents due to better agricultural yields; reduced hard manual labor.

Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики

Lessons learnt:

The effectiveness of AAMC-WUU depends on internal and external conditions: capacities (financial, institutional, etc.) of its members (i.e. WUAs) and the level of democracy and market development in a given country.  In turn, the growth of capacities of AAMC-WUU members depends on AAMC-WUU performance.

Recommendation:

Currently, WUAs capacities are rather poor which is reflected in AAMC-WUA own underperformance.  Considering that WUA represent the weakest link in water hierarchy and the role of water users in addressing national food, water and environmental security needs, the government should find opportunities to support (first of all, financially) WUAs/AAMC-WUU during transition period (until they become self-sufficient).

Lessons learnt:

Application of drip irrigation ensures higher corn productivity and water saving as well as allows improving soil structure, watering efficiency, etc.

Recommendations:

It is necessary to widely introduce drip irrigation systems to build up the efficiency of water and land resources, reduce manual labor costs and save irrigation water.

Источник практики

Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience)

Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations)

Готовность практики к внедрению

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется

1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие

2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $3,500/ha

3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие

4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения

Краткая информация о проекте

Project title: Integrated Water Resources Management in the Fergana Valley (IWRM-Fergana).

Project duration: Jan 01, 2001-Dec 31, 2012 (12 years).

Project goal and objectives: overall project goal was “to contribute to safer living, environmental sustainability and wide social harmony, to support rural restructuring in Central Asian countries by enhancing water resources management based on the example of the Ferghana Valley”.

Project beneficiaries: WUAs, farmers in project sites.

Project implementer: IWMI, SIC of the ICWC, Project Steering Committee (PSC) consisting of 3 representatives of the Ministries of Rural and Water Management (MRWM) of project target countries, 3 heads of Regional Water Administrations hosting project target sites.

Project title: Drip irrigation of corn in Gissar District.

Project duration: early 2000-late 2003.

Project goal and objectives: introduction of drip irrigation systems for corn; observance of optimal irrigation mode(s) and techniques ensuring 100 dt/ha and above corn yields with minimal energy consumption in the conditions of the Gissar Valley.

Project beneficiaries: land and water users of Yu. Radzhabov Farm

Project implementer: NPO “TajikNIIGiM”.

Источник финансирования практики Grant from the Swiss Government via SDC National budget, NPO “TajikNIIGiM”
Источники информации о практике

Guidelines on IWRM streamlining, Volume 1 (Institutional Aspects), Tashkent 2011.

Research report by NPO “TajikNIIGiM”, Dushanbe, 2003, 46 p.

Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму

SIC ICWC

SIC ICWC

Дата заполнения формы 02.04.2018 02.04.2018

Партнеры