Название практики | Establishment of the Aravan-Akbura Main Canal Water User Union (AAMC-WUU) | Using combined-type drainage in Fergana Region |
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Категория | Водные ресурсы | Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент | Принцип общественного участия | Коллекторно-дренажная система |
Сфера использования практики | Use of water resources |
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Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата | Умеренная | Умеренная |
Кем реализована практика | Scientific and Information Center (SIC) of Interstate Commission for Water Coordination (ICWC) and Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) |
Management Department of the Foundation for Reclamation Improvement of Irrigated Land |
Где использована практика |
Страна: Кыргызстан Область: Ошская Район: Кара-Сууский |
Страна: Узбекистан Область: Ферганская Район: Кувинский Другой населенный пункт: Khamroli-Ota Farm |
Специфика местности, где использована практика | Akbura River Basin |
The site is located in the zone of ground water shallow occurrence |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.01.2007 Дата окончания: 31.12.2017 |
Дата начала: 01.01.2010 Дата окончания: 31.12.2012 |
Проблема, которая решается применением практики | Low level of coordination among WUAs – as a rule, each WUA liaises independently with its water management organization (WMO). |
Flooding of settlements; salination of irrigated land |
Примененные в практике инструменты | Methods of integration and social mobilization |
GIS-technologies and remote-sensing tools |
Описание практики и ее результаты | The AAMC-WUU is an association of legal entities in the form of Union – a voluntary independent non-profit public organization uniting legal entities (i.e. WUAs) based on common interests with the aim of coordinating actions and protecting shared interests and rights. AAMC-WUU operates as per the Charter approved at the general meeting of water user representatives, has its own stamp and bank account. Actions: The creation of AAMC-WUU began with the establishment of the Initiative Group (IG). The IG consisted of active water specialists, representatives of water users and other stakeholders who saw the need to transit to IWRM. Further on, the IG carried out social mobilization, drafted necessary documents (the Union’s Charter, etc.), organized the general meeting of water users that approved the Charter and established the Union’s Council (Board). After that, AAMC-WUU underwent legal registration and officially launched its work. Results:
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In 1980, specialists of NPO SANIIRI (Research and Development Association “Central Asian Research Institute of Irrigation”) designed and for the first time applied this type of drainage in the Qarshi Steppe where it demonstrated its efficiency. The project was suspended due to lack of funding. The re-launch of the project and installment of a combined drainage system in Kuva District (2010) once again confirmed its high efficiency and profitability, especially in areas of confined underground waters. Further on, the model was applied in Rishtan, Altyarik and Baghdad Districts where it is successfully working. Actions:
Results: Financial and economic: Specific construction costs (sum/ha) of the combined drainage system were twice less compared to horizontal drainage models. Vertical drainage of 1 hectare of land requires 700-800 kWh of energy, whereas the combined drainage is hyperpiestic. Maintenance costs for combined drainage systems are also much lower compared to horizontal and vertical drainage models – specifically, twofold less than for closed horizontal and threefold less for vertical. The combined drainage systems also allowed increasing crops productivity. Technical: The reclamation condition of farm land has improved. |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики | Lessons learnt: The effectiveness of AAMC-WUU depends on internal and external conditions: capacities (financial, institutional, etc.) of its members (i.e. WUAs) and the level of democracy and market development in a given country. In turn, the growth of capacities of AAMC-WUU members depends on AAMC-WUU performance. Recommendation: Currently, WUAs capacities are rather poor which is reflected in AAMC-WUA own underperformance. Considering that WUA represent the weakest link in water hierarchy and the role of water users in addressing national food, water and environmental security needs, the government should find opportunities to support (first of all, financially) WUAs/AAMC-WUU during transition period (until they become self-sufficient). |
Lessons learnt: The practice has confirmed its high efficiency and profitability of combined-type drainage, especially in areas with confined underground water. Recommendations: It is necessary to widely apply combined-type drainage where hydro-geological conditions allow it. |
Источник практики | Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience) |
R&D product by NPO SANIIRI (Research and Development Association “Central Asian Research Institute of Irrigation”)
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Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие 2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: 3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие 4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие 2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: 3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие 4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется |
Краткая информация о проекте | Project title: Integrated Water Resources Management in the Fergana Valley (IWRM-Fergana). Project duration: Jan 01, 2001-Dec 31, 2012 (12 years). Project goal and objectives: overall project goal was “to contribute to safer living, environmental sustainability and wide social harmony, to support rural restructuring in Central Asian countries by enhancing water resources management based on the example of the Ferghana Valley”. Project beneficiaries: WUAs, farmers in project sites. Project implementer: IWMI, SIC of the ICWC, Project Steering Committee (PSC) consisting of 3 representatives of the Ministries of Rural and Water Management (MRWM) of project target countries, 3 heads of Regional Water Administrations hosting project target sites. |
Project title: Application of GIS-technologies for reclamation. Project duration: Jan 2010-Dec 2012 (3 years). Project goal and objectives: comprehensive support of Reclamation Expedition (RE) specialists; introduction of new technologies; enhancing RE technical capacities to ensure a more expedient implementation of projects to improve the reclamation condition of irrigated land with the aim of receiving better agricultural yields with the simultaneous maintenance of environmental equilibrium in the area. Project beneficiaries: Fergana Region and Syr Daria Region Reclamation Expeditions. Project implementer: Management Department of the Foundation for Reclamation Improvement of Irrigated Land. |
Источник финансирования практики | Grant from the Swiss Government via SDC | UNDP |
Источники информации о практике | Guidelines on IWRM streamlining, Volume 1 (Institutional Aspects), Tashkent 2011. |
Ekologicheski Vestnik (Environmental Digest) Journal, Issue 11, 2012 (http://lrf.uz/?p=283&lang=ru).
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Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму | SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы | 02.04.2018 | 19.04.2018 |