Название практики |
Application of tubular outlet flowmeters |
Land reclamation via vertical drainage wells |
Категория |
Водные ресурсы |
Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент |
Средства и методы водоучета |
Коллекторно-дренажная система |
Сфера использования практики |
Use of water resources |
• Use of water resources • Use of land resources |
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата |
Умеренная |
Умеренная |
Кем реализована практика |
Institute of Water Issues, Hydropower and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan (IWIHE of the AS of the RTj)
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Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Где использована практика |
Страна: Таджикистан
Область: Хатлонская
Район: Джиликульский
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Страна: Казахстан
Область: Южно-Казахстанская
Район: Мактааральский
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Специфика местности, где использована практика |
- Located in the valley part of the Vakhsh River Basin (river catchment area);
- Deep (below 3 meters) ground water occurrence;
- Middle loamy soils.
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• Upstream (Ferghana) and midstream (Syr Darya) of the Syr Darya River • Ebb occurrence of highly mineralized ground water |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.04.2010
Дата окончания: 31.10.2011
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Дата начала: 01.01.1965
Дата окончания: 31.12.1975
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Проблема, которая решается применением практики |
Uneven distribution of irrigation water, lack of water accounting means to ensure observance of recommended irrigation norms for cotton |
Deterioration of reclamation situation: rising of ground water, land salination |
Примененные в практике инструменты |
Tubular water outlet flowmeter |
Technique and technology of land reclamation via a system of vertical drainage wells (VDW) |
Описание практики и ее результаты |
Actions:
- Construction of tubular water outlet flowmeter with removable nozzles (procurement of polyethylene piping to make tubular water outlets and matching nozzles); - Installation of tubular water outlet flowmeter along temporary sprinklers.
Results:
Financial and economic:
saving of irrigation water; low cost of irrigation system automation (total kit cost: $500/ha) with the service life of 5 years.
Technical:
simple design allowing a more even distribution of irrigation water stream among furrows, thus, ensuring the prescribed water supply mode.
Social:
improved working conditions of irrigators; lower labor needs/costs; enhanced mutual trust among farmers and water users. |
Actions:
A VDW system set up. Prior to its installation, the area was drained via a horizontal open-type drain-age network ineffective as to reducing the mass of salinized land.
Comprehensive VDW efforts significantly enhanced drainage.
However, currently due to the absence of a single organization responsible for VDW operation, maintenance and repair, the VDW systems recon-structed under World Bank and Asian Development Bank projects do not perform as effectively as ini-tially.
Results:
Financial and economic: Increased cotton yields (from 10-15 up to 30-35 dt/ha).
Technical: Successful response to land salination in 3 districts: ground water table steadily kept at 2-3 m depth leading to a sharp contraction of salinized land area. |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики |
Lessons learnt:
Installation and deployment of tubular water outlet flowmeter allows to improve the uniformity of irrigation stream’s distribution among furrows and conduct irrigation water accounting.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to widely use the small-scale irrigation automation means like the tubular water outlet flowmeters which have simple design, are convenient to operate, are low-cost and mobile and ensure supply of the prescribed amount of irrigation water. |
Lessons learnt:
In due time, the model proved useful and timely, as the country urgently needed to increase its cotton yields. The practice demonstrated high efficiency of VDW in combatting land salination.
Recommendations:
1. Establish a special VDW System Maintenance and Operation Department; 2. Build personnel capacity: • Continual training of personnel in the Department and Provincial Hydrogeological and Land Reclamation Expedition; • Drafting and distribution of training materi-als. |
Источник практики |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
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1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
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Краткая информация о проекте |
Project title: Watering technology based on tubular water outlet flowmeters.
Project duration: Apr 2010-Oct 2011.
Project goal and objectives: development and deployment of a crop watering technology for dekhan farms of the Republic of Tajikistan allowing to significantly increase the efficiency of water use.
Project beneficiaries: members of “Istikol” WUA (Water User Association).
Project implementer: Institute of Water Issues, Hydropower and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the RTj |
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Источник финансирования практики |
“Tajikistan Water Partnership” NGO |
Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the USSR |
Источники информации о практике |
Report by the Innovation Technology Department of the IWIHE of the AS of the RTj, Dushanbe, 2012, 45 p. |
Reshetkina N.M. et al. “Vertical Drainage”, Moscow: Kolos, 1978. – 319 p. |
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы |
02.04.2018 |
26.03.2018 |