Название практики |
Using low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system for watering agricultural crops |
Land reclamation via vertical drainage wells |
Категория |
Водные ресурсы |
Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент |
Система дождевания |
Коллекторно-дренажная система |
Сфера использования практики |
Use of water resources |
• Use of water resources • Use of land resources |
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата |
Высокая |
Умеренная |
Кем реализована практика |
Sh. Shotemur Tajik Agrarian University
|
Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the Republic of Kazakhstan
|
Где использована практика |
Страна: Таджикистан
Область: Районы республиканского подчинения
Район: Рудакинский
|
Страна: Казахстан
Область: Южно-Казахстанская
Район: Мактааральский
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Специфика местности, где использована практика |
- Located in the Varzob River Basin (right-bank tributary of the Kafirnigan (Kofarnihon) River);
- Valley section of the Kafirnigan River Basin (river catchment area);
- Deep (below 5 m) ground water occurrence;
- Other peculiarities: middle loamy soils.
|
• Upstream (Ferghana) and midstream (Syr Darya) of the Syr Darya River • Ebb occurrence of highly mineralized ground water |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.04.2012
Дата окончания: 31.10.2013
|
Дата начала: 01.01.1965
Дата окончания: 31.12.1975
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Проблема, которая решается применением практики |
Surface irrigation is associated with considerable water losses, uneven root zone moistening, increasing irrigation-induced soil erosion, low labor productivity of irrigators, low irrigation system efficiency, etc. |
Deterioration of reclamation situation: rising of ground water, land salination |
Примененные в практике инструменты |
Low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system |
Technique and technology of land reclamation via a system of vertical drainage wells (VDW) |
Описание практики и ее результаты |
Actions:
- Construction of low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system (procurement of polyethylene piping, pumping unit, cassette filter); - Installation of pumping equipment, settling pond, impulse mist sprinkling nozzles.
Results:
Financial and economic:
rational use of irrigation water; enhanced efficiency of water and land resources use; low cost ($4,164/ha) compared to the basic option ($4,326/ha).
Ecological:
no damage to atmosphere, water and soil and production of ecologically clean agricultural produce.
Technical:
the system operates under low pressure enough to ensure sufficient mist sprinkling irrigation (high-quality artificial rain) creating the necessary microclimate stimulating proper plant growth and development, ensuring even and highly uniform soil moistening; the system is easy to assemble and operate.
Social:
reduced irrigation costs on behalf of water users due to smaller volume of consumed irrigation water; increased profitability of farms due to higher crops productivity. |
Actions:
A VDW system set up. Prior to its installation, the area was drained via a horizontal open-type drain-age network ineffective as to reducing the mass of salinized land.
Comprehensive VDW efforts significantly enhanced drainage.
However, currently due to the absence of a single organization responsible for VDW operation, maintenance and repair, the VDW systems recon-structed under World Bank and Asian Development Bank projects do not perform as effectively as ini-tially.
Results:
Financial and economic: Increased cotton yields (from 10-15 up to 30-35 dt/ha).
Technical: Successful response to land salination in 3 districts: ground water table steadily kept at 2-3 m depth leading to a sharp contraction of salinized land area. |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики |
Lessons learnt:
Low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system allows improving the overall conditions in greenhouses and/or lemon tree nurseries – rain-like water distribution curbs irrigation-induced soil erosion and unproductive water losses in the course of irrigation.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to widely deploy low-pressure impulse mist sprinkling systems with the aim of irrigation automation and saving irrigation water. |
Lessons learnt:
In due time, the model proved useful and timely, as the country urgently needed to increase its cotton yields. The practice demonstrated high efficiency of VDW in combatting land salination.
Recommendations:
1. Establish a special VDW System Maintenance and Operation Department; 2. Build personnel capacity: • Continual training of personnel in the Department and Provincial Hydrogeological and Land Reclamation Expedition; • Drafting and distribution of training materi-als. |
Источник практики |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
|
1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
|
Краткая информация о проекте |
Project title: Low-pressure impulse mist sprinkling system for greenhouses and/or lemon tree nurseries.
Project duration: Apr 2012-Oct 2013.
Project goal and objectives: development and deployment of new low-pressure impulse mist irrigation system for greenhouses and lemon tree nurseries in the context of acute water shortage to ensure even distribution of irrigation water, exclude irrigation-induced soil erosion and unproductive irrigation water losses, thus, leading to water and power saving.
Project beneficiaries: “Ziroatkor” Farm.
Project implementer: Sh. Shotemur Tajik Agrarian University |
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Источник финансирования практики |
“Tajikistan Water Partnership” NGO |
Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the USSR |
Источники информации о практике |
Report by Tajikistan Water Partnership, Dushanbe, 2012, 18 p. |
Reshetkina N.M. et al. “Vertical Drainage”, Moscow: Kolos, 1978. – 319 p. |
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы |
02.04.2018 |
26.03.2018 |