Название практики |
Accumulation of rain and runoff water via a series of cascading storage pools (small reservoirs) |
Land reclamation via vertical drainage wells |
Категория |
Водные ресурсы |
Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент |
Система повышения водообеспеченности |
Коллекторно-дренажная система |
Сфера использования практики |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Environmental protection
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• Use of water resources • Use of land resources |
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата |
Высокая |
Умеренная |
Кем реализована практика |
Ministry of Water Management of Turkmenistan (4 res-ervoirs) and “Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels” Project (7 reservoirs)
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Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Где использована практика |
Страна: Туркменистан
Область: Ахалская
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Страна: Казахстан
Область: Южно-Казахстанская
Район: Мактааральский
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Специфика местности, где использована практика |
The settlements are located in the river catchment area; deep ground water occurrence; mountain valleys are under high risk of mudflows and floods. |
• Upstream (Ferghana) and midstream (Syr Darya) of the Syr Darya River • Ebb occurrence of highly mineralized ground water |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.01.2012
Дата окончания: 31.12.2013
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Дата начала: 01.01.1965
Дата окончания: 31.12.1975
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Проблема, которая решается применением практики |
Water deficit; settlements and agricultural land under flood and mudflow threat during mudflow risk periods |
Deterioration of reclamation situation: rising of ground water, land salination |
Примененные в практике инструменты |
Cascading storage pools (reservoirs) accumulating rain and runoff water |
Technique and technology of land reclamation via a system of vertical drainage wells (VDW) |
Описание практики и ее результаты |
Actions:
- assessment of mudflow and flood risks and surveying local population regarding reservoirs’ locations and water uses (drinking and irrigation water supply);
- designing reservoirs;
- construction of reservoirs with the engagement of local residents;
- training of local residents on servicing reservoirs and corresponding equipment.
Results:
- reduced risks for public life and health;
- enhanced water supply of irrigated land;
- reduced risk of agricultural losses due to drought;
- reduced risk of biodiversity damage caused by mudflows and floods;
- enhanced public access to drinking water.
|
Actions:
A VDW system set up. Prior to its installation, the area was drained via a horizontal open-type drain-age network ineffective as to reducing the mass of salinized land.
Comprehensive VDW efforts significantly enhanced drainage.
However, currently due to the absence of a single organization responsible for VDW operation, maintenance and repair, the VDW systems recon-structed under World Bank and Asian Development Bank projects do not perform as effectively as ini-tially.
Results:
Financial and economic: Increased cotton yields (from 10-15 up to 30-35 dt/ha).
Technical: Successful response to land salination in 3 districts: ground water table steadily kept at 2-3 m depth leading to a sharp contraction of salinized land area. |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики |
- Cascading reservoirs provide better cumulative effect at lower cost compared to separate reservoirs;
- Application of modern water-proofing materials during the construction of storage pools (reservoirs) allows to reliably store winter and spring runoff to be used during vegetation period.
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Lessons learnt:
In due time, the model proved useful and timely, as the country urgently needed to increase its cotton yields. The practice demonstrated high efficiency of VDW in combatting land salination.
Recommendations:
1. Establish a special VDW System Maintenance and Operation Department; 2. Build personnel capacity: • Continual training of personnel in the Department and Provincial Hydrogeological and Land Reclamation Expedition; • Drafting and distribution of training materi-als. |
Источник практики |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: $50-500
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Низкие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Требуется на стадии внедрения
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1. Затраты на внедрение: Умеренные
2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га:
3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие
4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется
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Краткая информация о проекте |
Project title: Responding to climate change risks for dekhan farming system of Turkmenistan on national and local levels.
Project duration: 2012-2016.
Project goal and objectives: build the adaptation capacity to respond to climate change impacts, including variability on local and national levels.
Project beneficiaries: population of Garavul Settlement (about 6,000 people) and Konegumbez Settlement (about 1,000 people).
Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Conservation of Turkmenistan and UNDP |
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Источник финансирования практики |
Adaptation Facility |
Ministry of Reclamation and Water Management of the USSR |
Источники информации о практике |
Government of Turkmenistan |
Reshetkina N.M. et al. “Vertical Drainage”, Moscow: Kolos, 1978. – 319 p. |
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы |
03.04.2018 |
26.03.2018 |