Название практики | Set of hydro-reclamation measures | Water-charging irrigation for rangelands used for growing forage crops |
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Категория | Водные ресурсы | Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент | Комплекс гидромелиоративных мер | Техника и технология полива |
Сфера использования практики |
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• Use of water resources |
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата | Низкая | Высокая |
Кем реализована практика | Ministry of Nature Protection of Turkmenistan and German Technical Cooperation Agency (GIZ) |
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Где использована практика |
Страна: Туркменистан Область: Марыйская Район: Сакарчагинский Другой населенный пункт: Zakhmet Daikhan Farm |
Страна: Казахстан Область: Жамбылская Район: Таласский Другой населенный пункт: Village of Sadu Shakirov |
Специфика местности, где использована практика | Sakar-Chaga District (area of 53,000 ha; population of 132,000 people) is located in the northwestern part of Mary Region in the Murgab River delta. The majority of local residents live in the oasis hosting 80% of settlements. |
The site is located in the desert foothill plain in South-ern Kazakhstan (internal drain area) at the very end of Sharuashlyk Irrigation Canal. |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.01.2009 Дата окончания: 31.12.2010 |
Дата начала: 01.05.2008 Дата окончания: 30.04.2009 |
Проблема, которая решается применением практики | Land salination represents the main challenge in the area due to improper irrigation technology and lack of drainage, in their turn leading to extremely low productivity. With time, the existing irrigation management system resulted in irrational use of water and land. While water distribution rates were calculated in a centralized manner depending on specific crops, in practice water supply monitoring is extremely poor – water supply (canals) infrastructure is inconsistent with farmers’ needs leading to excessive and, vice versa, insufficient watering of different sites. In addition, there exists an informal water payment system leading to the advantageous position of certain users. |
Acute water shortage; land degradation in the village of Sadu Shakirov; abandoned irrigated arable lands used only for year-round cattle grazing. For a long time, the irrigation canal was not operation-al and, thus, became dilapidated. The situation in the area was aggravated by climate change impacts (de-creased quantity of early spring, summer and winter precipitation, increased average annual temperature, spring and autumn frost bites and summer droughts). |
Примененные в практике инструменты | Set of hydro-reclamation measures: preventive land forming (leveling), composting, monitoring of ground water bedding and mineralization, decentralized water management planning, capacity building, etc. |
Method of autumn and winter water-charging irrigation |
Описание практики и ее результаты | Actions: A series of measures were executed to prevent land degradation and improve land reclamation condition, including introduction of high-performance drainage systems and reclamation technologies, construction of a new collector and cleaning of the existing one, construction of 9 water-regulating and 2 water-measuring facilities. Results:
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Actions: Results: Financial and economic: Technical: |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики | Lessons learnt:
Recommendations: It is necessary to focus on strengthening the role of local associations in rendering irrigation services and managing the canal’s water level. Local water users will be rendered an opportunity to design effective irrigation water management schemes. The experience of decentralized water planning and management accumulated by water tenants will be documented and distributed as a part of knowledge-management (capacity-building) strategy. It is necessary to closely cooperate with the newly established Agriculture Advisory Service working on sustainable land and water management, as well as to disseminate corresponding practices in other areas. |
Lessons learnt: Application of water-charging irrigation demonstrated the efficiency of water use and allowed local popula-tion to go through winter without losing livestock. Recommendations: |
Источник практики | Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Traditional tools transferred from generation to generation that proved their efficiency in modern conditions |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие 2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: 3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие 4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие 2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: 3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие 4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется |
Краткая информация о проекте | Project title: Local-level capacity building and investment for sustainable management of land resources. Project duration: 2009-2010. Project goal and objectives: overcoming barriers to higher efficiency and performance of water supply systems in climate change induced drought conditions. Project beneficiaries: Zakhmet Daikhan Farm (approximately 300 daikhan households). Project implementer: Ministry of Nature Protection of Turkmenistan and German Technical Cooperation Agency (GIZ). |
Project title: Fall and early spring Irrigation of arable land and pastures as an adaptation mechanism of ra-tional water use in Southern Kazakhstan Duration: May 1, 2008 – April 30, 2009 Project goal and objectives: reduce land degradation due to climate change by way of rational use of irriga-tion water. The project was implemented to prevent loss of cattle due to forage shortage during alternating droughty years. Project beneficiaries: local population. Project implementer: Kogal LLC |
Источник финансирования практики | UNDP and Global Environmental Facility | Kogal LLC |
Источники информации о практике | 1) UNDP Compilation “Climate change adaptation: ex-amples from Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan”, Tashkent 2012; |
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Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму | SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы | 17.04.2018 | 29.03.2018 |