Название практики | Application of furrow-based counter irrigation | Использование ГИС-технологий и средств дистанционного зондирования земли для оценки мелиоративного состояния орошаемых земель |
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Category | Water resources | Water resources |
Tool | Irrigation technique and technology | Monitoring system |
Field of application |
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Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change | Moderate | Moderate |
Implemented by | Central Asian Research Institute of Irrigation (SANIIRI) |
Департамент по управлению Фондом мелиоративного улучшения орошаемых земель |
Used by |
Country: Uzbekistan Province: Xorazm Region District: Urganch District |
Country: Uzbekistan Province: Fergana Region |
Local specifics | Khorezm Region lies in the northwest of Uzbekistan (between the latitudes of 40N and 42N and longitudes of 60E and 62E). The Region stretches for 280 km from northwest to southeast, and for 80 km – from west to east. The adyr relief is mainly formed by moist-type playa and, to a lesser extent, by meadow and grey-dessert soils; the depressions relief is formed by sands. |
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Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.2004 End date: 31.12.2016 |
Start date: 01.01.2010 End date: 31.12.2012 |
Problem solved through this practice | Inefficient field-level use of irrigation water |
Недостаточный уровень эффективности работы Мелиоративных экспедиций (МЭ) и оперативности оценки мелиоративного состояния орошаемых земель |
Tools used in the practice | Technology of furrow-based counter irrigation |
ГИС-технологии и средства дистанционного зондирования |
Description of the practice and its results | Technology applicability In the majority of Central Asian countries, irrigated agriculture is based on flooding irrigation (ex.: wheat) and/or furrow-based irrigation (other crops). Against the background of climate change and global water shortage, the traditional and/or currently practiced irrigation methods have lost their relevance and are no longer justified, in particular, in the Aral Sea area. In addition, watering the whole field of uneven relief based on traditional furrow-based technique requires long time. In many cases, traditional watering leads to uneven water distribution (alternating dry and bogging spots) across the field and rising ground water level. The suggested technology of counter irrigation is suitable for watering areas with even/flat relief, i.e. flat/lowland territories of Central Asian countries. Technology description The technology is quite simple and consists of simultaneous irrigation of a field from two sides. It was appraised in Uzbekistan’s northwestern part within the framework of the ZEF/UNESCO Project. The technology’s pilot application demonstrated that furrow-based counter irrigation can be used as a technical option of irrigating undeviating (even) sites and increases water efficiency due to more uniform water distribution along furrows. This effective water-conservation technology has been already widely tested in Central Asian countries, including Uzbekistan (Syr Darya and Khorezm Regions) by SANIIRI. Advantages
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До внедрения ГИС технологий в Мелиоративных экспедиций все камеральные работы велись вручную. Это – изготовление карт, определение площадей по засолению земель, уровню и минерализации грунтовых вод, и т.д. Мероприятия: 1. Повышение технического потенциала Мелиоративных экспедиций: предоставление пилотным Мелиоративных экспедиций оборудования и техники, лицензионных ГИС программ, GPS аппаратов, оборудование для химического анализа и т.д. Результаты: Финансово-экономические: Технические: |
Lessons learnt and recommendations made | Lessons learnt: The furrow-based counter irrigation technology is rather simple (entails simultaneous irrigation of a field from both sides) and represents a justified technical option of irrigating undeviating (even) relief land and increasing water efficiency due to more uniform water distribution along furrows. Recommendations: The irrigation technology is recommended for application by farmers prior to controlling ground water level and enhancing land reclamation condition via more radical measures. Under the condition of available investment, this watering method can be widely introduced on engineered basis. |
Уроки: Практика показала эффективность и возможность успешного и эффективного применения ГИС технологий в области мелиорации, а также востребованность ГИС технологий и ГИС-специалистов в других отраслях (после завершения проекта началась утечка ГИС-специалистов в другие отрасли). Рекомендации: Нужны меры по материальному стимулированию ГИС-специалистов в водной отрасли. |
Source of practice |
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Зарубежные инструменты (передача зарубежного опыта) |
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: High 2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: 3. O&M costs: High 4. Expert support: Not needed |
1. Cost of implementation: Moderate 2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha: 3. O&M costs: Moderate 4. Expert support: Needed at implementation stage |
Brief information on the project | Project beneficiaries: water consumers and WUAs. Project implementer: Central Asian Research Institute of Irrigation (SANIIRI) |
Название: Применение ГИС-технологий в мелиорации. |
Funding source | ZEF/UNESCO in the Republic of Uzbekistan | ПРООН |
Information sources | 1) Reference Book on climatically optimized investment in rural areas of the Aral Sea Basin (based on the examples of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan), Tashkent 2016; 2) Paluashova, G.K., Shirokova, Yu.I. “Efficiency of furrow-based counter irrigation of cotton in Khorezm conditions” (http://www.cawater-info.net/bk /improvement- irrigated-agriculture/files/paluashova-shirokova.pdf); 3) Paluashova, G. (2005), “Investigating land saline regime due to changed irrigation technology in the conditions of Khorezm Oasis. Materials of “Scientific Support as a Factor of Sustainable Water Sector Development” International Research and Applied Conference (Taraz, Kazakhstan). |
Журнал "Экологический вестник", №11, 2012 г. |
Contacts of a person, who filled this form | SIC ICWC |
НИЦ МКВК |
Form submission date | 18.05.2018 | 22.08.2017 |