Название практики | Application of furrow-based counter irrigation | Watering of vegetable crops based on the method of mist sprinkling irrigation |
---|---|---|
Категория | Водные ресурсы | Водные ресурсы |
Инструмент | Техника и технология полива | |
Сфера использования практики | • Use of water resources |
|
Пригодность практики для адаптации к изменению климата | Умеренная | Умеренная |
Кем реализована практика | Central Asian Research Institute of Irrigation (SANIIRI) |
Kazakh National Agriculture University |
Где использована практика |
Страна: Узбекистан Область: Хорезмская Район: Урганчский |
Страна: Казахстан Область: Алматинская Район: Карасайский |
Специфика местности, где использована практика | Khorezm Region lies in the northwest of Uzbekistan (between the latitudes of 40N and 42N and longitudes of 60E and 62E). The Region stretches for 280 km from northwest to southeast, and for 80 km – from west to east. The adyr relief is mainly formed by moist-type playa and, to a lesser extent, by meadow and grey-dessert soils; the depressions relief is formed by sands. |
Foothill zone in southeastern Kazakhstan, dark-chestnut and middle loamy soils |
Когда использована практика |
Дата начала: 01.01.2004 Дата окончания: 31.12.2016 |
Дата начала: 01.01.2014 Дата окончания: 31.12.2016 |
Проблема, которая решается применением практики | Inefficient field-level use of irrigation water |
Irrigation-associated soil erosion, low efficiency of applied watering techniques, poor phytosanitary condition of land used for vegetable growing |
Примененные в практике инструменты | Technology of furrow-based counter irrigation |
Technique and technology of mist sprinkling irrigation |
Описание практики и ее результаты | Technology applicability In the majority of Central Asian countries, irrigated agriculture is based on flooding irrigation (ex.: wheat) and/or furrow-based irrigation (other crops). Against the background of climate change and global water shortage, the traditional and/or currently practiced irrigation methods have lost their relevance and are no longer justified, in particular, in the Aral Sea area. In addition, watering the whole field of uneven relief based on traditional furrow-based technique requires long time. In many cases, traditional watering leads to uneven water distribution (alternating dry and bogging spots) across the field and rising ground water level. The suggested technology of counter irrigation is suitable for watering areas with even/flat relief, i.e. flat/lowland territories of Central Asian countries. Technology description The technology is quite simple and consists of simultaneous irrigation of a field from two sides. It was appraised in Uzbekistan’s northwestern part within the framework of the ZEF/UNESCO Project. The technology’s pilot application demonstrated that furrow-based counter irrigation can be used as a technical option of irrigating undeviating (even) sites and increases water efficiency due to more uniform water distribution along furrows. This effective water-conservation technology has been already widely tested in Central Asian countries, including Uzbekistan (Syr Darya and Khorezm Regions) by SANIIRI. Advantages
|
Actions: A sprinkler (artificial rain irrigation) system installed consisting of 50 mm diameter polyethylene pipes assembled from 10-12 meter segments (5022 SD sprinkler; 3.5 bar pressure; 3.5 mm nozzles; water consumption of 0.87 m3/hour; water distribution area per 1 sprinkler – 12 m). Results: Financial and economic: Technical: |
Какие уроки и рекомендации можно извлечь из практики | Lessons learnt: The furrow-based counter irrigation technology is rather simple (entails simultaneous irrigation of a field from both sides) and represents a justified technical option of irrigating undeviating (even) relief land and increasing water efficiency due to more uniform water distribution along furrows. Recommendations: The irrigation technology is recommended for application by farmers prior to controlling ground water level and enhancing land reclamation condition via more radical measures. Under the condition of available investment, this watering method can be widely introduced on engineered basis. |
Lessons learnt: Recommendations:
|
Источник практики |
|
• Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations), |
Готовность практики к внедрению |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие 2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: 3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие 4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется |
1. Затраты на внедрение: Высокие 2. Примерная стоимость капиталовложений на 1 га: 3. Затраты на поддержание и эксплуатацию: Высокие 4. Экспертная поддержка: Не требуется |
Краткая информация о проекте | Project beneficiaries: water consumers and WUAs. Project implementer: Central Asian Research Institute of Irrigation (SANIIRI) |
|
Источник финансирования практики | ZEF/UNESCO in the Republic of Uzbekistan | Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan |
Источники информации о практике | 1) Reference Book on climatically optimized investment in rural areas of the Aral Sea Basin (based on the examples of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan), Tashkent 2016; 2) Paluashova, G.K., Shirokova, Yu.I. “Efficiency of furrow-based counter irrigation of cotton in Khorezm conditions” (http://www.cawater-info.net/bk /improvement- irrigated-agriculture/files/paluashova-shirokova.pdf); 3) Paluashova, G. (2005), “Investigating land saline regime due to changed irrigation technology in the conditions of Khorezm Oasis. Materials of “Scientific Support as a Factor of Sustainable Water Sector Development” International Research and Applied Conference (Taraz, Kazakhstan). |
The PhD thesis “Efficiency of mist (sprinkler) irriga-tion technology for vegetable crops in southeastern Kazakhstan” describing a vegetable (cabbage, carrots, sweet pepper) cultivation technology based on fine sprinkling irrigation developed for the first time for soil and climatic conditions of foothill zone in southeastern Kazakhstan, including an optimal mode of vegetables irrigation via fine overhead sprinkler-based irrigation was developed, as well as analyzing the effects of sprinkler irrigation on biomass formation and crops capacity. |
Контактные данные лица, заполнившего форму | SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Дата заполнения формы | 18.05.2018 | 29.03.2018 |