Comparison of practices

Использование водных ресурсов

Use of water resources

Country: Kyrgyzstan

Province: Chuy Region

District: Sokuluk District

Country: Kazakhstan

Province: South Kazakhstan Region

District: Maktaaral District

Объект расположен в полузасушливой зоне с острой нехваткой водных ресурсов в летний период. Деградация земель.

Rural Water Consumer Cooperatives (RWCC) are located in the tail part of Dostyk and Turkestan Main Canals (TMC)

Start date: 01.01.2011

End date: 31.12.2011

Start date: 01.01.2006

End date: 31.12.2006

Степень водообеспеченности пастбищных земель очень низкая, количество перегона скота на водопой меньше, чем по нормативу, эрозия почв.

Conflicts between water users associated with water distribution;

Loss of water from canals (due to filtration and discharge)

Технология обустройства родников для водопоя животных

• Survey among stakeholders,
• Microsoft Excel computer-based planning of water use,
• Seminars to train water users on computer-based technologies and water accounting

Мероприятия:

Сначала определено точное место выклинивания воды и
очищено от грязевой массы. Ниже 15 метров от этого места построены 3 сообщающиеся корыта для водопоя. Длина каждого корыта 1,8 метра, ширина 0,50 метра и глубина 0,50 метра. Каждое последующее корыто размещено ниже предыдущего, и вода поступает в виде каскада в нижние части земель.

Результаты:

Финансово-экономические:
Скот набирает живой вес быстрее.

Технические:
Улучшилась водообеспеченность территории, в том числе для скота.

Actions:

Based on the location of RWCCs and with the account of recommendations by akimats (local governance bodies), 8 RWCCs were selected to conduct a survey based on specially prepared questionnaires. Survey results showed that the main issues in target rural areas were water distribution among consumers and drawing up water use plans (WUP) for RWCCs. The proceeding trainings seminars focused on exactly these themes. At the end of the year, the monitoring of the introduction of new water distribution methods was conducted.

Results:

Application of this water distribution practice allowed to sharply reduce the quantity of conflict situations as well as nearly eliminate water losses due to filtration at the canals’ headworks and discharge.

Уроки:

Сбор воды в одно место практиковался с древних времен, но он со временем был забыт. Восстановление традиционного опыта следует приветствовать.

Рекомендации:

Нужно продолжать такие мероприятия, так как такие практики выгодны не только местному населению, но они обеспечивают водой и диких животных, а также увеличивают пастбищные сенокосные площади.

Lessons learnt:

Hourly water distribution allows more flexibility in the context of water deficit. After the trainings for water users and WUAs personnel on hourly water distribution, the number of corresponding conflicts decreased.

Recommendations:

Considering the high turnover of RWCC staff, the trainings should be repeated on annual basis. Hourly water distribution schemes should be used in locations/periods of acute water shortage.

Традиционные инструменты, передаваемые из поколения в поколение и показавшие ценность в современных условиях

• Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations)
• Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience)

1. Cost of implementation: Low

2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:

3. O&M costs: Low

4. Expert support: Needed at implementation stage

1. Cost of implementation: High

2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:

3. O&M costs: High

4. Expert support: Not needed

Counterpart holds seminars, training courses and programs on effective use of water resources in Kazakhstan with the aim of assisting farmers and other land users in building up their corresponding skills as well as teaching them basic water use principles.  In the course of its collaboration with Counterpart, IWMI analyzed and studied the reclamation condition of irrigated land plots and the technical state of irrigation and drainage networks in Makhtaaral and Turkestan Districts of Southern Kazakhstan Region.

Project title: Support Program for water associations in Southern Kazakhstan

Project duration: 1 year

Project goal and objectives: train water users on new water distribution techniques, computer technologies for drawing WUPs, most simple methods of water accounting.

Project beneficiaries: water consumers

Project implementer: local akimats

Project donor: USAID

WOCAT.net.

Абдыбек Асаналиев, Кыргызский Национальный Аграрный Университет, Бишкек
asanaly61@mail.ru

IWMI Report “Training on water management on RWCC level and drawing up the water use plan for Makhtaaral and Turkestan Districts of Southern Kazakhstan Region”, Tashkent 2006

НИЦ МКВК

SIC ICWC