Название практики |
Irrigation of pastures and hayfield meadows using Simulta-neous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S) |
Resource-saving technology of operating vertical drain-age wells based on drainage water re-use in irrigated massifs |
Category |
Water resources |
Water resources |
Tool |
Sprinkling system |
|
Field of application |
Use of water resources |
- Use of water resources
- Use of land resources
- Re-use of drainage water for irrigation
|
Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Implemented by |
Kazakh Water Management Research Institute (KazNIIWKh)
|
Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Water Economy (KazSRIWE) LLP
|
Used by |
Country: Kazakhstan
Province: Jambyl Region
|
Country: Kazakhstan
Province: South Kazakhstan Region
District: Maktaaral District
Other settlement: Zhanaauyl Rural District
|
Local specifics |
The site is located in the foothills with significant difference in elevation |
The Maktaaral Irrigation Massif has 220 vertical drainage wells (VDW), but currently practically all of them are not operational. The highest level of ground water occurrence in Maktaaral Irrigation Massif falls on December-February after completion of fall irrigation washings and water-charging. The beginning of vegetation season (April-May) is characterized by receding ground water table.
The second ground water table rise occurs during mass vegetation watering of main crops, as a rule in July-August.
The vertical drainage system in Maktaaral Irrigation Massif does not operate on permanent basis, but mainly during fall and winter (irrigation washing, water charging) and during the vegetation season at the time of insufficient irrigation water supply. |
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.01.2006
End date: 31.12.2007
|
Start date: 01.01.2016
End date: 31.10.2017
|
Problem solved through this practice |
Water erosion, discharge, uneven distribution of irrigation water, poor yields |
Deterioration of reclamation situation: raising ground water table and land salination. Intensified water withdrawal, saving on pipes, reusing ground water for irrigation |
Tools used in the practice |
Technique and technology for irrigation based on Simultaneous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S) |
Set of measures to enhance land reclamation condition (rehabilitation of vertical drainage well capacities, fitting them with equipment for pumping ground water via casing column)
- Using casing pipes in wells for water lifting requires application of a special (pipeless water-lifting) device.
|
Description of the practice and its results |
Actions:
Deployment of the Simultaneous Impulse Sprinkling Kit (KSID-10S) allowing extremely uniform and simultaneous dispersion of irrigation water across all sections of arable pasture or hayfield meadow. Water expenditure at the impulse device makes 0.05-0.3 l/sec and 0.25-2.0 l/sec in the irrigation pipeline, thus, reducing (3-4 times) the costs associated with the pipeline network installation compared to other sprinkling systems (kits). The pipeline network is built of 15-25 mm diameter pipes easy to transport and assemble in mountainous conditions.
Technical characteristics:
Operation modes: automatic and manual
Irrigated area: 10 ha
Water consumption: up to 100 m3/day
Average sprinkling (rain) intensity: 0.002-0.008 mm/min
EFFICIENCY: 99%
MOC: 98%
Watering automation level: 100%
Results:
- Ensured water supply according to crops requirements with the account of changing weather conditions and moisture deposits in active soil layer;
- Elimination of : 1) water-induced soil erosion, 2) puddling and 3) discharge run-off;
- No need for water recirculation among irrigation sections.
|
The pipeless water-lifting device allows fixing the submersible pump at a set depth and dividing the well’s trunk into suction and injection zones.
Water lifting is done via the casing column and not the water-lifting pipe used in traditional well operation technology.
At the same time:
- metal consumption and total weight of the pumping installation decreases by 60-90%;
- pollution of the water-bearing layer is excluded; assembly and dismantling costs decrease by 40-70%;
- power costs of water lifting decrease by 30%; water return of the water-bearing layer increases; possibility of polluting and/or infecting the water-bearing table is excluded making the suggested technology competitive.
This technology of pumping underground water renders the possibility of intensifying water withdrawal due to creating vacuum in the pump’s suction zone. |
Lessons learnt and recommendations made |
Lessons learnt:
The advantages of impulse sprinkling irrigation were confirmed by the research efforts on other test sites of KAZNIIVKh in Jambyl Region that allowed increasing biological productivity of Golden Delicious apple variety by 10.1-36.8%, and commercial productivity – by 16.6-49.4% compared to conventional sprinkling irrigation systems.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to continue application of similar practices in foothill areas in Central Asia subject to power supply shortages. |
There is a need to perform major repair of vertical drainage system with the aim of ensuring the timely diversion of drainage and waste water from the Maktaaral Irrigation Massif.
It is also necessary to identify the optimal environmental and reclamation conditions to prevent salination of irrigated massifs by way of re-using drainage water for irrigation.
The data on the chemical composition of drainage and waste water (as per reports by Southern Kazakhstan Hydro-Geological Reclamation Expedition) prove that in most cases such water can used for irrigation without the need to dilute it with clean irrigation water.
Required personnel capacity-building:
- continuous training of the staff of the Operational Section of Southern Kazakhstan branch of RSE “Kazvodkhoz” on assembly and dismantling of target equipment used for VDW re-fitting;
- drafting and disseminating training materials (operation recommendations, practical seminars and trainings).
|
Source of practice |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: High
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Not needed
|
1. Cost of implementation: High
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Not needed
|
Brief information on the project |
|
Within the framework of 5039GF/4 Project supported via the financial grant on behalf of the Ministry of Education and Science (MoES) of Kazakhstan, several demo-sites were established in Maktaaral District of Southern Kazakhstan Region to hold trainings and practical seminars for specialists and to promote the new technology of pumping underground water via vertical drainage wells re-fitted with pipeless water-lifting devices.
Observations of ground water level were performed in the irrigation massif; optimal reclamation regime for irrigated land via vertical drainage wells based on the new technology was developed. |
Funding source |
Ministry of Agriculture of the RK |
The technology was deployed under the grant project endorsed by the MoES of Kazakhstan |
Information sources |
|
Tumlert, V.A., Tumlert, E.V. “Outcomes of designing a device to pump underground water via well casing column” //Fair and rational use of natural resources – a way to the future (III Urkumbayev Readings): report abstract for scientific and technical conference, Taraz 2015, pp. 337-347;
Amangeldiyev, S.S. “Power-and-resource-saving technology of pumping underground water via well casing column with submersible pumps” // Khabar TV Channel, “Innovative Overdrive” Program (in the Kazakh and Russian languages), May 2015;
Tumlert, V. A., Yugai, I.A., Telgarayeva, G.E., Tumlert, E.V. “Introducing a new resource-saving technology of operating vertical drainage wells in irrigated massifs of Southern Kazakhstan Region” // ”Agrarian Science in Agriculture of Siberia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Bulgaria”: report at the XIX International Scientific and Technical Conference, Minsk 2016, pp. 183-188;
Tumlert, V. A., Yugai, I.A., Ismailov, B.D. “Technology of pumping drainage water within the vertical drainage system in the irrigation massif of Southern Kazakhstan Region” // “Transboundary cooperation in Central Asia – stability and wellbeing of the whole region”: materials of international scientific and technical conference, Almaty 2017, pp. 181-187;
Tumlert, V. A., Yugai, I.A., Ismailov, B.D. “Intensifying water supply of distant pastures based on GIS-technologies” // “Prospects of innovative and investment development of the water sector”: materials of international scientific and technical conference, Kherson, Ukraine, May 18-19, 2017, pp. 133-137. |
Contacts of a person, who filled this form |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date |
30.03.2018 |
18.05.2018 |