Название практики |
Application of tubular outlet flowmeters |
Using the technology of crops irrigation via ground water feeding in conditions of acute water shortage |
Category |
Water resources |
Water resources |
Tool |
Means and methods of water accounting |
|
Field of application |
Use of water resources |
Use of water resources |
Usability of practice for adaptation to climate change |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Implemented by |
Institute of Water Issues, Hydropower and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan (IWIHE of the AS of the RTj)
|
Science and Information Center of the Interstate Coordination Water Commission (ICWC SIC)
|
Used by |
Country: Tajikistan
Province: Khatlon Region
District: Jilikul
|
Country: Uzbekistan
Province: Fergana Region
District: Qo'shtepa District
Other settlement: Komilzhon Kurbonov Sakhovati Farm
|
Local specifics |
- Located in the valley part of the Vakhsh River Basin (river catchment area);
- Deep (below 3 meters) ground water occurrence;
- Middle loamy soils.
|
- Upper stream of the Syr Darya River (Fergana Region);
- Central climatic zone;
- Shallow ground water occurrence;
- Irrigated agriculture within a closed horizontal drainage (CHD) zone
|
Practice usage period |
Start date: 01.04.2010
End date: 31.10.2011
|
Start date: 01.01.2014
End date: 31.12.2015
|
Problem solved through this practice |
Uneven distribution of irrigation water, lack of water accounting means to ensure observance of recommended irrigation norms for cotton |
Deficiency of irrigation water during certain periods of vegetation |
Tools used in the practice |
Tubular water outlet flowmeter |
Technology of crop irrigation via ground water feeding the level of which is regulated by means of a control device installed in the observation well |
Description of the practice and its results |
Actions:
- Construction of tubular water outlet flowmeter with removable nozzles (procurement of polyethylene piping to make tubular water outlets and matching nozzles); - Installation of tubular water outlet flowmeter along temporary sprinklers.
Results:
Financial and economic:
saving of irrigation water; low cost of irrigation system automation (total kit cost: $500/ha) with the service life of 5 years.
Technical:
simple design allowing a more even distribution of irrigation water stream among furrows, thus, ensuring the prescribed water supply mode.
Social:
improved working conditions of irrigators; lower labor needs/costs; enhanced mutual trust among farmers and water users. |
The gate devices used abroad are expensive and inconvenient as to their maintenance. The control device designed by the ICWC Research Center allows regulating ground water level (GWL) by way of altering the device’s height (for example, its height can be 90 cm). Besides, it is easily installed and dismantled after use.
Actions:
- Selection and justification of the choice of a plot for potential drainage (admissible ground water mineralization should not exceed 3 g/l);
- Detailed analysis of interaction between irrigation and drainage on the level of farms and WUAs (Water User Associations);
- Mounting and installation of GWL control device;
- Fitting the drained plot with modern tools and monitoring the elements of water-salt balance in the aeration zone;
- Impact assessment of water supply and GWL regulation on soil humidity and salination, drainage discharge and drainage water mineralization as well as crops productivity.
Results:
Financial and economic:
- Low overall costs of the GWL control device compared to similar foreign devices;
- Increased (5-8%) productivity of winter wheat compared to control land plot.
Technical:
rational use of surface water.
Environmental:
reduced drainage. |
Lessons learnt and recommendations made |
Lessons learnt:
Installation and deployment of tubular water outlet flowmeter allows to improve the uniformity of irrigation stream’s distribution among furrows and conduct irrigation water accounting.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to widely use the small-scale irrigation automation means like the tubular water outlet flowmeters which have simple design, are convenient to operate, are low-cost and mobile and ensure supply of the prescribed amount of irrigation water. |
Lessons learnt:
The approach has been proved as a constructive way of converting research outcomes into real-life solutions. The approach will also help expanding the results of controlled drainage from the field level to the level of WUA and, over time, up to the level of irrigation system.
Recommendations:
It is necessary to scale-up the practice in other regions and districts with identical conditions of irrigated land and install this control model in other CHD zones. |
Source of practice |
Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations) |
- Domestic tools (outcomes of research by domestic R&D organizations);
- Foreign tools (transfer of foreign experience)
|
Readiness for implementation |
1. Cost of implementation: High
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Not needed
|
1. Cost of implementation: High
2. Approximate cost of investment per 1 ha:
3. O&M costs: High
4. Expert support: Not needed
|
Brief information on the project |
Project title: Watering technology based on tubular water outlet flowmeters.
Project duration: Apr 2010-Oct 2011.
Project goal and objectives: development and deployment of a crop watering technology for dekhan farms of the Republic of Tajikistan allowing to significantly increase the efficiency of water use.
Project beneficiaries: members of “Istikol” WUA (Water User Association).
Project implementer: Institute of Water Issues, Hydropower and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the RTj |
Project title: Management of irrigation and drainage systems for sustainable productivity growth in the Fergana Valley of Central Asia.
Project duration: Aug 2014-Dec 2015.
Project goals: improve irrigation and drainage systems and enhance the efficiency of crops watering.
Project objectives: manage GWL by way of controlling CHD with the aim of increasing crops water supply, enhance irrigation efficiency and decrease the amount of drainage and pollutants discharge; assess the influence of water supply and CHD regulation on soil humidity and drainage discharge; assess the difference of drainage and drainage water quality between controlled (managed) and conventional drainage models.
Project beneficiaries: target farm.
Project implementer: ICWC SIC. |
Funding source |
“Tajikistan Water Partnership” NGO |
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) |
Information sources |
Report by the Innovation Technology Department of the IWIHE of the AS of the RTj, Dushanbe, 2012, 45 p. |
Dukhovny, V., Kenjabaev, Sh., Yakubov, Sh., Umirzakov, G., 2017. Controlled sub-surface drainage as a strategy for improved water management in irrigated agriculture of Uzbekistan. Transactions of the 13th International Drainage Workshop of ICID “Drainage and environmental sustainability”, Ahwaz, Iran, March 4-7, 2017.
Collection of research works by ICWC SIC, 15th Issue, Tashkent City, pp. 109-114. |
Contacts of a person, who filled this form |
SIC ICWC |
SIC ICWC |
Form submission date |
02.04.2018 |
30.04.2018 |